Fluellite
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About Fluellite
Formula:
Al2(PO4)F2(OH) · 7H2O
Colour:
Colourless, white, yellow
Lustre:
Vitreous
Hardness:
3
Specific Gravity:
2.139 - 2.17
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Name:
In allusion to the composition, being a fluate of alumine (French).
This page provides mineralogical data about Fluellite.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
1565
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:1565:9
IMA Classification of Fluellite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
IMA Formula:
Al2(PO4)F2(OH)·7H2O
First published:
1824
Type description reference:
Classification of Fluellite
8.DE.10
8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
D : Phosphates, etc. with additional anions, with H2O
E : With only medium-sized cations, (OH, etc.):RO4 = 3:1
8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
D : Phosphates, etc. with additional anions, with H2O
E : With only medium-sized cations, (OH, etc.):RO4 = 3:1
42.6.9.1
42 : HYDRATED PHOSPHATES, ETC.CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
6 : A2(XO4)Zq·xH2O
42 : HYDRATED PHOSPHATES, ETC.CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
6 : A2(XO4)Zq·xH2O
22.1.14
22 : Phosphates, Arsenates or Vanadates with other Anions
1 : Phosphates, arsenates or vanadates with fluoride
22 : Phosphates, Arsenates or Vanadates with other Anions
1 : Phosphates, arsenates or vanadates with fluoride
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Fll | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Fluellite
Vitreous
Transparency:
Transparent
Colour:
Colourless, white, yellow
Streak:
White
Hardness:
3 on Mohs scale
Cleavage:
Poor/Indistinct
On {010} and {111}.
On {010} and {111}.
Density:
2.139 - 2.17 g/cm3 (Measured) 2.29 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Fluellite
Type:
Biaxial (+)
RI values:
nα = 1.473 - 1.49 nβ = 1.49 - 1.496 nγ = 1.506 - 1.511
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.021 - 0.033
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
none
Chemistry of Fluellite
Mindat Formula:
Al2(PO4)F2(OH) · 7H2O
Element Weights:
Crystallography of Fluellite
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):
mmm(2/m2/m2/m) - Dipyramidal
Space Group:
Fddd
Cell Parameters:
a = 11.22 Å, b = 21.15 Å, c = 8.54 Å
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.53 : 1 : 0.404
Unit Cell V:
2,026.57 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Morphology:
Crystals dipyramidal {111}, often modified by {010}.
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0000151 | Fluellite | Guy B B, Jeffrey G A (1966) The crystal structure of fluellite, Al2PO4F2(OH).7H2O American Mineralogist 51 1579-1592 |  | 1966 | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 6.48 Å | (100) |
| 3.24 Å | (70) |
| 3.09 Å | (60) |
| 2.667 Å | (60) |
| 4.96 Å | (50) |
| 2.868 Å | (50) |
| 2.763 Å | (50) |
Comments:
Stenna Gwynn mine, Cornwall, England, ICDD 19-38.
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals] | |
| 47c : [Carbonates, phosphates, borates, nitrates] |
Geological Setting:
In pegmatites
Type Occurrence of Fluellite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Transparent acute rhombic octahedrons
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA, C1028.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Synonyms of Fluellite
Other Language Names for Fluellite
Dutch:Fluelliet
French:Fluate of Alumine
German:Fluellit
Kreuzbergit
Kreuzbergit
Russian:Флюеллит
Simplified Chinese:氟磷铝石
Spanish:Fluellita
Kreuzbergita
Kreuzbergita
Traditional Chinese:氟磷鋁石
Common Associates
Associations Based on Photo Data:
| 47 photos of Fluellite associated with Metavariscite | AlPO4 · 2H2O |
| 41 photos of Fluellite associated with Wavellite | Al3(PO4)2(OH)3 · 5H2O |
| 33 photos of Fluellite associated with Crandallite | CaAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6 |
| 22 photos of Fluellite associated with Variscite | AlPO4 · 2H2O |
| 21 photos of Fluellite associated with Quartz | SiO2 |
| 20 photos of Fluellite associated with Nevadaite | (Cu2+,Al,V3+)6Al8(PO4)8F8(OH)2 · 22H2O |
| 12 photos of Fluellite associated with Hewettite | CaV6O16 · 9H2O |
| 11 photos of Fluellite associated with Minyulite | KAl2(PO4)2F · 4H2O |
| 10 photos of Fluellite associated with Aldermanite | [Mg(H2O)6][Na(H2O)2Al3(PO4)2(OH,F)6] · H2O |
| 6 photos of Fluellite associated with Opal | SiO2 · nH2O |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 8.DE. | Arsenoveszelyite | Cu2Zn(AsO4)(OH)3 · 2H2O |
| 8.DE. | Kipushite | (Cu,Zn)5Zn(PO4)2(OH)6 · H2O |
| 8.DE. | Goldhillite | Cu5Zn(AsO4)2(OH)6 · H2O |
| 8.DE.05 | Senegalite | Al2(PO4)(OH)(OH)2 · H2O |
| 8.DE.15 | Bulachite | Al6(AsO4)3(OH)9(H2O)4 · 2H2O |
| 8.DE.20 | Zapatalite | Cu3Al4(PO4)3(OH)9 · 4H2O |
| 8.DE.25 | Ceruleite | Cu2Al7(AsO4)4(OH)13 · 11.5H2O |
| 8.DE.30 | Veszelyite | (Cu,Zn)2Zn(PO4)(OH)3 · 2H2O |
| 8.DE.35 | Philipsburgite | Cu5Zn(AsO4)(PO4)(OH)6 · H2O |
| 8.DE.40 | Juanitaite | (Cu,Ca,Fe)10Bi(AsO4)4(OH)11 · 2H2O |
| 8.DE.45 | Iangreyite | Ca2Al7(PO4)2(PO3OH)2(OH,F)15 · 8H2O |
Fluorescence of Fluellite
May fluoresce creamy white under SW, MW and LW (Harold Moritz comm., 2022).
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Fluellite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-1565.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
Search Engines:
External Links:
Mineral Dealers:
References for Fluellite
Reference List:
Laubmann, H.; Steinmetz, H. (1915) Phosphatführende Pegmatite des Oberpfälzer und Bayerischen Waldes. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, Mineralogie und Petrographie, 55 (1-6). 523-586 doi:10.1524/zkri.1915.55.1.523p.551 - (as Kreuzbergite)
Guy, Brian B., Jeffrey, G. A. (1966) The crystal structure of fluellite, Al2PO4F2(OH)·7H2O. American Mineralogist, 51 (11-12) 1579-1592
Guy, Brian B., Jeffrey, G. A., Tassel, R. Van (1967) The crystal structure of fluellite: A correction. American Mineralogist, 52 (9-10) 1576
Čejka, Jiří, Sejkora, Jiří, Macek, Ivo, Frost, Ray L., López, Andrés, Scholz, Ricardo, Xi, Yunfei (2014) A vibrational spectroscopic study of a hydrated hydroxy-phosphate mineral fluellite, Al2(PO4)F2(OH)·7H2O. Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 126. 157-163 doi:10.1016/j.saa.2014.01.116
Localities for Fluellite
Showing 53 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Argentina | |
| Minerals acquired from Mr. Nelson ... +1 other reference |
| Dina (1993) |
| Demartin et al. (1997) | |
Australia | |
| Murray (1973) +1 other reference |
| Segnit et al. (1981) +2 other references |
| Francis et al. (self published) | |
| - (1981) +2 other references |
| - (1981) |
| Francis et al. (self published) |
| Peter Elliott |
| Henderson (1981) |
| |
| Birch et al. (1993) | |
| Museum Victoria Mineralogy Collection +1 other reference |
Belgium | |
| Van Tassel (1959) +1 other reference |
| Jockin (en collaboration avec l'université de Liège) +4 other references | |
Brazil | |
| Witzke et al. (2000) |
China | |
| Shen (n.d.) |
| Jordi Fabre | |
| Wang et al. (2026) |
Czech Republic | |
| Černý et al. (Weisser Stein) |
| Petr Pauliš (2000) +1 other reference |
France | |
| Kolitsch et al. (2009) |
| Meisser et al. (2008) +1 other reference |
Germany | |
| Fehr et al. (1985) |
| Palache et al. (1951) +1 other reference |
| Palache et al. (1951) +2 other references |
| Thalheim et al. (2006) |
Italy | |
| Menchetti et al. (1981) +1 other reference |
Kyrgyzstan | |
| Karpenko et al. (2009) |
Morocco | |
| Favreau (2012) |
Russia | |
| Rychagov et al. (2017, November) |
| Gamyanin et al. (2014) |
| Gongalsky et al. (2019) |
Spain | |
| Calvo Rebollar et al. (2024) |
| Calvo et al. (2003) +1 other reference |
Sweden | |
| Bjällerud (1989) +1 other reference |
UK (TL) | |
| Rudler (1905) +3 other references |
| Kingsbury (1959) +1 other reference |
USA | |
| Kampf et al. (2013) |
| Newmont Mining Corporation |
| Jensen et al. (1995) |
| Barrick Gold Corporation | |
| Dr. William S. Wise presentation to ... |
| Jensen et al. (2001) +1 other reference |
| - (1977) |
| Peacor et al. (1984) |
| O'Neill (2014) |
| Bullock (1981) |
| Bullock (1981) |
| Petersen et al. (1993) |
| Lovering et al. (1960) |
| Kearns et al. (2000) |
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Richelle, Visé, Liège, Wallonia, Belgium