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Conjoint Professor of Modern European History, The University of Newcastle, Australia. I have research interests in Modern Russian and Soviet history and historiography
Wednesdays and Thursdays 9-10am Semester Semester 2 -2007 Unit Weighting 20 Teaching Methods Lect... more Wednesdays and Thursdays 9-10am Semester Semester 2 -2007 Unit Weighting 20 Teaching Methods Lecture Tutorial Brief Course Description Deals with the most violent age in European history, 1900-1945. Why did the period following the First World War see the rise of Mussolini and Hitler? Why were European societies polarised by extremist ideologies of the left and the right? What links were there between fascist repression and militarist expansionism? How do we explain the genocidal impulses of fascism? This subject takes an in-depth look at Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy. It looks at the economic, social and political forces that gave rise to fascism, its methods of rule, and its drive to total warfare, particularly on the Soviet front. In this context, it also looks at the debates concerning the Jewish Holocaust and differing interpretations of fascism and its representation. Contact Hours Lecture for 2 Hours per Week for the Full Term Tutorial for 2 Hours per Week for 12 Weeks HIST 3640 Fascism, War & Genocide Semester II, 2007 20 Units Yes! Fuehrer we are following you! Course coordinator: Dr. Roger Markwick 3,500 word Research Essays Remember, you may choose to write an essay based on a seminar question but the essay topic you choose must be quite distinct from your seminar paper. Primary Sources: Essays should make good use of primary sources.
The article is devoted to Ch. Rakovsky's views on the development and construction of Ukraine in ... more The article is devoted to Ch. Rakovsky's views on the development and construction of Ukraine in 1922-1923. In this context, after the Bolsheviks began to gain power in Ukraine in 1919, he did not rely much on national self-determination. But after the introduction of the New Economic Policy (NEP) in 1921, Rakovsky adjusted his views, supported the expansion of Ukraine's autonomy and advocated the need to give more independence to some state bodies. This led to conflicts with another famous Soviet figure, Joseph Stalin. The article reveals the main points of tension between Rakovsky and Stalin, different approaches to issues of centralization of power and "nationalization", and touches on "great-Russian chauvinism".
Defining the state as 'organised violence', based on the emergence of the modern European nationa... more Defining the state as 'organised violence', based on the emergence of the modern European national state system, Charles Tilly identified four essential war-driven, state-building activities: 'war-making'; 'statemaking'; 'protection' of elite 'clients'; and 'extraction' of resources. Drawing on Tilly's primary categories of analysis, this essay considers the ways in which war, or the threat of war, real or imagined, shaped the Soviet state, particularly in its Stalinist manifestation. This essay argues that Tilly's warfare-state paradigm, judiciously deployed, brings into high relief facets of Soviet state-making that few other paradigms do.
In applying Glavlit's decree on the removal from libraries and shops of counter-revolutionary tro... more In applying Glavlit's decree on the removal from libraries and shops of counter-revolutionary trotskyite-zinovievite literature, I require you to personally oversee this business; to check on those to whom you will allocate the task of checking the libraries and compiling the lists of withdrawn literature; and to monitor the complete implementation of Glavlit's decree. A. Stetskii Superintendent, Department of Culture and propaganda of Leninism, Central Committee of the Communist Party (Bolshevik). 1 All nation states, especially emergent ones, to various degrees strive to maintain a hegemonic narrative about the past that vindicates the status quo. From time to time, such narratives come under challenge from 'revisionist' historians. Liberal, secure polities can tolerate revisionist dissent. But insecure political systems can resort to censorship and even repression of historians. Nowhere was this more true than in the former Soviet Union. Under Stalin in particular, a draconian system of censorship coupled with lethal repression cowed historical thought and the profession, reducing historians to little more than court scribes.
The demise of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) in 1991 when viewed alongside the se... more The demise of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) in 1991 when viewed alongside the seeming success of the Peoples Republic of China’s (PRC) reforms since the 1980s is a study in contrasts. This chapter compares the approaches adopted by the Soviet and Chinese Communist Parties to the reform of state socialism and considers why one ended in collapse and the other in resurgence. The chapter considers the specific challenges each state faced, international and domestic, in the context of neoliberal capitalism; the intellectual compasses that guided their respective party leaderships; the roles played by domestic forces in the reforms; and what light all these considerations cast on the role of the state in socialist reform.
The demise of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) in 1991 when viewed alongside the se... more The demise of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) in 1991 when viewed alongside the seeming success of the Peoples Republic of China’s (PRC) reforms since the 1980s is a study in contrasts. This chapter compares the approaches adopted by the Soviet and Chinese Communist Parties to the reform of state socialism and considers why one ended in collapse and the other in resurgence. The chapter considers the specific challenges each state faced, international and domestic, in the context of neoliberal capitalism; the intellectual compasses that guided their respective party leaderships; the roles played by domestic forces in the reforms; and what light all these considerations cast on the role of the state in socialist reform.
Review(s) of: The art of time travel: Historians and their craft, by Tom Griffiths, Black Inc., 2... more Review(s) of: The art of time travel: Historians and their craft, by Tom Griffiths, Black Inc., 2016.
Historical writing is inherently political, shaped not only by the author’s personal politics but... more Historical writing is inherently political, shaped not only by the author’s personal politics but even more so by the temporal, geo-political and institutional context in which it is researched and...
Wednesdays and Thursdays 9-10am Semester Semester 2 -2007 Unit Weighting 20 Teaching Methods Lect... more Wednesdays and Thursdays 9-10am Semester Semester 2 -2007 Unit Weighting 20 Teaching Methods Lecture Tutorial Brief Course Description Deals with the most violent age in European history, 1900-1945. Why did the period following the First World War see the rise of Mussolini and Hitler? Why were European societies polarised by extremist ideologies of the left and the right? What links were there between fascist repression and militarist expansionism? How do we explain the genocidal impulses of fascism? This subject takes an in-depth look at Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy. It looks at the economic, social and political forces that gave rise to fascism, its methods of rule, and its drive to total warfare, particularly on the Soviet front. In this context, it also looks at the debates concerning the Jewish Holocaust and differing interpretations of fascism and its representation. Contact Hours Lecture for 2 Hours per Week for the Full Term Tutorial for 2 Hours per Week for 12 Weeks HIST 3640 Fascism, War & Genocide Semester II, 2007 20 Units Yes! Fuehrer we are following you! Course coordinator: Dr. Roger Markwick 3,500 word Research Essays Remember, you may choose to write an essay based on a seminar question but the essay topic you choose must be quite distinct from your seminar paper. Primary Sources: Essays should make good use of primary sources.
The article is devoted to Ch. Rakovsky's views on the development and construction of Ukraine in ... more The article is devoted to Ch. Rakovsky's views on the development and construction of Ukraine in 1922-1923. In this context, after the Bolsheviks began to gain power in Ukraine in 1919, he did not rely much on national self-determination. But after the introduction of the New Economic Policy (NEP) in 1921, Rakovsky adjusted his views, supported the expansion of Ukraine's autonomy and advocated the need to give more independence to some state bodies. This led to conflicts with another famous Soviet figure, Joseph Stalin. The article reveals the main points of tension between Rakovsky and Stalin, different approaches to issues of centralization of power and "nationalization", and touches on "great-Russian chauvinism".
Defining the state as 'organised violence', based on the emergence of the modern European nationa... more Defining the state as 'organised violence', based on the emergence of the modern European national state system, Charles Tilly identified four essential war-driven, state-building activities: 'war-making'; 'statemaking'; 'protection' of elite 'clients'; and 'extraction' of resources. Drawing on Tilly's primary categories of analysis, this essay considers the ways in which war, or the threat of war, real or imagined, shaped the Soviet state, particularly in its Stalinist manifestation. This essay argues that Tilly's warfare-state paradigm, judiciously deployed, brings into high relief facets of Soviet state-making that few other paradigms do.
In applying Glavlit's decree on the removal from libraries and shops of counter-revolutionary tro... more In applying Glavlit's decree on the removal from libraries and shops of counter-revolutionary trotskyite-zinovievite literature, I require you to personally oversee this business; to check on those to whom you will allocate the task of checking the libraries and compiling the lists of withdrawn literature; and to monitor the complete implementation of Glavlit's decree. A. Stetskii Superintendent, Department of Culture and propaganda of Leninism, Central Committee of the Communist Party (Bolshevik). 1 All nation states, especially emergent ones, to various degrees strive to maintain a hegemonic narrative about the past that vindicates the status quo. From time to time, such narratives come under challenge from 'revisionist' historians. Liberal, secure polities can tolerate revisionist dissent. But insecure political systems can resort to censorship and even repression of historians. Nowhere was this more true than in the former Soviet Union. Under Stalin in particular, a draconian system of censorship coupled with lethal repression cowed historical thought and the profession, reducing historians to little more than court scribes.
The demise of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) in 1991 when viewed alongside the se... more The demise of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) in 1991 when viewed alongside the seeming success of the Peoples Republic of China’s (PRC) reforms since the 1980s is a study in contrasts. This chapter compares the approaches adopted by the Soviet and Chinese Communist Parties to the reform of state socialism and considers why one ended in collapse and the other in resurgence. The chapter considers the specific challenges each state faced, international and domestic, in the context of neoliberal capitalism; the intellectual compasses that guided their respective party leaderships; the roles played by domestic forces in the reforms; and what light all these considerations cast on the role of the state in socialist reform.
The demise of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) in 1991 when viewed alongside the se... more The demise of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) in 1991 when viewed alongside the seeming success of the Peoples Republic of China’s (PRC) reforms since the 1980s is a study in contrasts. This chapter compares the approaches adopted by the Soviet and Chinese Communist Parties to the reform of state socialism and considers why one ended in collapse and the other in resurgence. The chapter considers the specific challenges each state faced, international and domestic, in the context of neoliberal capitalism; the intellectual compasses that guided their respective party leaderships; the roles played by domestic forces in the reforms; and what light all these considerations cast on the role of the state in socialist reform.
Review(s) of: The art of time travel: Historians and their craft, by Tom Griffiths, Black Inc., 2... more Review(s) of: The art of time travel: Historians and their craft, by Tom Griffiths, Black Inc., 2016.
Historical writing is inherently political, shaped not only by the author’s personal politics but... more Historical writing is inherently political, shaped not only by the author’s personal politics but even more so by the temporal, geo-political and institutional context in which it is researched and...
During World War II, Britain, the United States and the Soviet Union had thriving domestic garden... more During World War II, Britain, the United States and the Soviet Union had thriving domestic gardening movements. Actively promoted by their governments, gardening was supposed to supplement diets and nourish the patriotic spirit. In the Soviet Union, however, gardening was much more than a patriotic duty; it was often a matter of survival, the primary means of supplementing near starvation bread rations. Amidst incomparable, catastrophic wartime conditions, the huge Soviet gardening movement was distinguished by the speed with which it was implemented and taken up, predominantly by women. Based on original archival and published sources, this article examines in depth the Soviet wartime legislative framework, material resources and propaganda that promoted individual kitchen gardens. The article analyzes the way the state organized and promoted individualist, small-scale urban horticulture – a politically risky initiative given that it conflicted with the Stalinist model of large-scale, industrialized agriculture – and argues that in promoting gardening self-sufficiency, the Soviet socialist state shifted much of its responsibilities for food production onto its citizenry. The article not only aims to shed new light on the crucial role gardening played in feeding a famished citizenry but also the distinctive way in which Soviet propaganda, in giving voice to the psychological satisfaction of gardening, tapped into women’s commitments to the family, in intimate alignment with patriotic, home front defence of the Soviet Motherland.
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