Asif n walim

Asif n Walim
galaxie spirale barrée, corps céleste
Yamu ɣ	Sous-groupe local, groupe local
Numéro de catalogue	aucune valeur
Discipline dont c'est l'objet	astronomie galactique
Orbite autour de	Sagittarius A*
Séquence de Hubble	SBbc
Tag Stack Exchange	https://astronomy.stackexchange.com/tags/milky-way, https://physics.stackexchange.com/tags/milky-way
Caractère Unicode	🌌

Asif n walim niɣ d asif n ignna niɣ d aɣaras n walim, iga ism n yat tmzzuɣrt. Ig nit ansa n Ungraw Anafuk ɣ illa wakal, anaw nns iga uzlig (izlg), ilkm s tiɣzi nns ikʷti n 100.000 n usggʷas anafaw, ilin gis gr 100 ar 400 n id mlyar n itran. iqqan d ad asn ittyafas ɣunckad n wuṭṭun ad nit n imttiwgn iɣ akkʷ drusn.

Ar ittyawnna is d tamzzuɣrt ad tlul d ɣar kra n tizi nif abaqqay Mqqurn (Big Bang), attayn n 13,2 n id mlyar n usggʷas ayad. Itran, d imttiwgn, d tfkkiwin tisayrarin yaḍnin lli tt skarnin, ar smlillin f wammas nns, ɣilli ɣ illa yan ugḍay asggan anig-iẓẓay. Sɣ usmnu n Wakal, yaggug t ugḍay ad asggan s kra n 27.000 n usggʷas anafaw.

Adjar nns akkʷ yaẓnn iga t tamzzuɣrt n Andṛumida lli yaggugn Tafukt s wattayn n 2,55 n umlyun n usggʷas anafaw, illa ɣ talayt n itran n Andṛumida. Ntta d wattayn n sḍiṣt tmrawin (60) n tmzzuɣar mẓẓiynin yaḍnin, lliɣ illa umdlu imqqurn n Majillan d umdlu imẓẓiyn n Majillan, ar kullu skarn "Tagrumma Tadɣrant", lli igan zaɣd nttat yan ugzzum sɣ "Ibr-Agdad n tgṣmaḍt". Yan umdaday ismmunn akkʷ timzzuɣar d-aẓnin i xtalli igan tinɣ.

Tasnaẓuṛt n ism

Ism nns dar Imaziɣn:

Dar imaziɣn n zikk, amjakrar ann umlil ifruzziyn n itran d ar izggr ignna n dyiḍ, irwas alim usdid lli illuzzan, iffarri ɣ waḍu. Aswingm ad nit ad yujjan aɛṛabn ad as fkin ism n « Darb al-Tabbana » (Tasukt n imzznza n walim). « Asif n walim » dar Imaziɣn d Waɛrabn irwas ma d iffal umkraz tiɣʷrdin nns, mk yusi yan waggʷa n walim ɣ kra n uzgaw ibbin.

Mgalan d waɛṛabn lli ddrnin ɣ yat twnnaḍt izwan, tsur f iɣarasn d iswak, Imaziɣn daɣ (slawan akkʷ ɣwilli gisn zdɣnin ɣ tmnaḍin tidraranin n Waṭlas) ifl gisn uggar ungraw n twala n waman d isaffn. Assfif ad agnnan ittlkikiḍn, ur asn d isskti kra n uɣaras, isskti asn d imil azray n yan wasif ingin, yasi d dids ifṛẓẓan sfawnin n walim imlluln aynna ittkka.

Ism nns dar iṛmmuyn:

Taguri n « Voie » tkka d tutlayt talatinit « Via » lli isnamkn: aɣaras, abrid, tin « Lactée » tkk d zaɣd nttat talatinit « Lacteus » lli isnamkn: mad izdin d ukʷfay, nɣ d kra irwasn akʷfay. S ɣmkad « La Voie Lactée » twats: Aɣaras n ukʷfay. Aẓuṛ n ism ad lli fkan i tmzzuɣrt n wasif n walim, ikka d Umiyn Igrikn iqburn. Mqqar itahl "Zus" (Zeus) s "Iṛa" (Héra), iṭṭaf snat d mrawt (12) n taldniwin s ma intln. D yat gisnt lli mi ismn "Alɣmin" (Alcmène), yuru dis yan yiwis, ism as "iraɣl" (Hercule). Sɣ lliɣ d ilul warba ad, ila yat taẓẓiḍṛa yutin tin ufgan, lli as yiwsn ad issugr mnid n kra illan, amr Tamttant, acku innas tga tafgant d ar tettmttat.

Afad ad irar iwis d yan ur ittmtatn, yut Zus tamlda ɣ yan dyiḍ lliɣ tdda tmɣart nns "Iṛa" ad tgn zikk f mad yadlli tmyar. Isiggl Zus "iṛaɣl", isrs t f tama n tɣssa n "iṛa" lli iṭṭaṣn, ur imaṭil ubijju ad yaf tibbit n "Hiṛa", issnti ar itteṭṭḍ s kigan n udurdu sɣ "Ukʷfay n tɣllalt". Tduy d ilmma "iṛa" sɣ iṭṣ s yan uṛmmaḍ ijfan ɣ idmarn nns. Tfrk is ar tssuṭuḍ yan urba ur igin wins. Tmmaɣ ad t inn fllas tsitti, macc yumẓ nit Iṛaɣl ɣ tibbit nns. Tmmaɣ tiklit tis snat s uggar n tammara, macc tggammi, imuqqn gis Iṛaɣl s yat tgrdi iggutn. Ɣ tis kraḍt n tikkal, tssus iṛaɣl sɣ tibbit nns s iɣnan, ɣakudann ad d tnḍṛ yat tmiẓẓṛt n ukʷfay aylliɣ innzwi ɣ Ignna, iskr d nit ilmma mayann "Aɣaras n ukʷfay".

Amzruy

Galili ad igan walli izwarn ad t iẓr ɣ usggʷas n 1610 s twisi n tsmaqqalt nns tasnitrant. Yufa d is tettyawskar s tuggt n itran lli ur iẓḍaṛ ufgan ad tn izlm s tiṭṭ nns yazufn (« Iɣʷẓan mas d Asif n Walim ur igi amr yan ugudi n itran id war-uṭṭun lli lluzzanin f kra n igudiyn mẓẓiynin », Galili, Amazan agnnan, 1610). Assfif ad iflin, lli irwasn akʷfay, iga tamatart n tmzzuɣrt ɣ ignna, ɣmklli s ittyawmnad sɣ idis nns, sɣ udɣar ɣ tlla Tafukt ɣammas-ka-t-inn n ungraw ad abaraw.

Talɣa nns d ma t iskarn

Tga tmzzuɣrt n wasif n walim yat tmzzuɣrt tuzligt imqqurn, lli mi tettyafa talɣa nns ɣ usggʷas n 1951 s radio n tsnitrit. Ɣ wammas nns illa yan waqqa isfawn mi ttinin "Aglla", gis ɣ turrut attayn n 10 000 n isggʷasn inafawn. Sɣ gis ar ttffuɣn kra n iɣalln uzlign ar skarn yan ufllun awarar n 100 000 n isggʷasn inafawn llanin ɣ turrut nns, d yat tzuri ilkkmn gr 1 000 ar 3 000 SgF (isggʷasn inafawn).

Aglla ad d ufllun lli dids, tssutl asn yat tsga iṭṭafn talɣa takʷlillayt ittyawssann s "amdallalas", lli mi tettyawsɣal turrut nns s 300 000 n isggʷasn inafawn. Amdallalas ad llan gis kigan n igudiyn n itran, taggat nnsn tlla ɣ uflla niɣ d ɣ wadday n ufllun ad. Waxxa ɣmkann, amdallalas ad (zun d tuẓẓumt n Wasif n Walim) ur iẓḍaṛ ad t tẓṛ tiḍṭ acku f ugḍṛuṛ agritran. F ɣmkann, taɣudiwt nns ar tettili s umgraw n ddu-zggʷaɣ d radio-telescopes.

Iɣ ittyawmnad sɣ idis, asif n walim irwas yan ufllun iwrn, yili gis yan uffudl bahra isfawn ɣ tuẓẓumt nns, ɣinn aɣ munnt tuggt n itran. tamu tmzzuɣrt ad uggar n 100 n id mlyar n itran (itran zilliznin s uẓṛwal n wanaw amzwaru I, d itran izggʷaɣn mqqurnin n wanaw wis sin II), d igḍṛaṛ ula arragn gr itran. Asttul nns d wattayn n ifḍ n id mlyar n ttwal win Tafukt. Afllun ad, lli iṭṭafn attayn n 70 % sɣ usttul amakay n tmzzuɣrt, gis itran mzaraynin kigan ɣ usttul d uwtay nnsn. Ma illan ngr itran, kullu imun ɣ iɣalln uzlign nttat d itran lli akkʷ mẓẓiynin ɣ uwtay, lli mi ttinin agdud amzwaru I (T Tauri, itran O nɣ d B, Céphéides). Ɣ usggʷas n 2002, ufan imassann is illa yan ugḍay asggan bahra imqqurn ɣ tuẓẓumt n Wasif n Walim, lli mi ilkkm usttul nns kra n kkuẓ n id mlyun n ttwal win Tafukt.