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. 2021 Oct 28;11(1):21281.
doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-00758-w.

Internal morphology of 101 mandibular canines of a Swiss-German population by means of micro-CT: An ex vivo study

Thomas Gerhard Wolf  1   2 , Andrea Lisa Anderegg  3 , David Haberthür  4 , Oleksiy-Zakhar Khoma  4 , Sven Schumann  5 , Nane Boemke  4 , Richard Johannes Wierichs #  3 , Ruslan Hlushchuk #  4
Affiliations

Internal morphology of 101 mandibular canines of a Swiss-German population by means of micro-CT: An ex vivo study

Thomas Gerhard Wolf et al. Sci Rep. .

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the root canal system morphology by means of a root canal configuration (RCC) classification described with a four-digit system, the physiological foramen geometry and accessory canal frequency and morphology, of 101 mandibular canines (MaCa) of a Swiss-German population by means of micro-computed tomography. Micro-CT examination of the MaCa was performed and the obtained images analyzed with a 3D imaging software. In single-rooted MaCas, the most frequently observed RCCs were 1-1-1/1 (74.5%) and 1-1-1/2 (14.3%). Seven other RCCs were less frequently observed with a frequency from 4.1 to 1.0%. One physiological foramen was observed in 80.6% of the MaCas, two in 16.3%, three in 1.0% and four in 2.0%. Accessory and connecting canals were apparent only in the middle and apical root thirds. Two-rooted MaCas occurred less frequently (n = 3). When one physiological foramen was present, the mean size of the narrow and wide diameters were 0.28 mm (± 0.07) and 0.40 mm (± 0.11), while the distance between physiological and anatomical foramen was 0.45 mm (± 0.17). MaCas are predominantly single-rooted teeth with a 1-1-1/1 or 1-1-1/2 RCC. Most MaCas had one physiological foramen with an oval shape.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Mandibular canines with a 1-1-1/1 root canal configuration. The root canals observed were most of the time wide (in a mesio-distal projection); however, the tended to narrow as they reached the apical third.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Mandibular canine with a 1-2-2/2 (left) root canal configuration (RCC) and one accessory (interradicular) canal in the middle third. A 1-1-1/1 RCC (right) with one accessory canal which divides into two accessory canals/foramina can be observed.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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