Tabbacin kiyayewa
 Tabbacin kiyayewa |
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Tabbatar da shaida shine aikace-aikacen shaida a cikin ilmin halitta na kiyayewa da ayyukan kula da muhalli da yin manufofi. An bayyana shi azaman kimanta bayanan kimiyya daga rubuce-rubucen da aka buga, wallafe-wallafen da An sake dubawa, abubuwan da masu aiki suka samu, kimantawar kwararru masu zaman kansu, da ilimin gida da na asali akan takamaiman batun kiyayewa. Wannan ya haɗa da kimanta tasirin yanzu na sauye-sauyen gudanarwa daban-daban, barazanar da matsalolin da ke tasowa da abubuwan tattalin arziki.[1]
An shirya kiyayewa ta tushen shaida bisa ga lura cewa yanke shawara a cikin kiyayewa ya dogara ne akan fahimta da ko kwarewar mai aiki sau da yawa ba tare da la'akari da wasu nau'ikan shaidar nasarori da gazawar ba (misali bayanan kimiyya). Wannan ya haifar da sakamako mai tsada da rashin inganci.[2] Tabbatar da shaida yana ba da damar samun bayanai waɗanda za su goyi bayan yanke shawara ta hanyar tsarin tushen shaida na "abin da ke aiki" a kiyayewa.[3]
Hanyar da aka samo asali daga shaida don kiyayewa ta dogara ne akan aikin da aka samo daga shaida wanda ya fara a magani kuma daga baya ya bazu zuwa jinya, ilimi, ilimin halayyar dan adam da sauran fannoni. Yana daga cikin manyan motsi zuwa ga Ayyukan da suka danganci shaida.
Binciken tsari
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Binciken tsari ya ƙunshi kimantawa ba tare da tunani ba game da bayanan da ke akwai da shaidu da suka shafi gudanarwa.[4] Haɗakar da sakamakon daga karatu daban-daban a lokuta daban-daban, wurare ko girman samfurin na iya rage son zuciya da ke cikin karatun mutum. Bincike na tsari ya bambanta da sake dubawa na gargajiya ta hanyar sauƙin fahimta, sake dubawa da maimaitawa. Cikakken ladabi suna nan don gudanar da cikakken bita, ba tare da nuna bambanci ba.[4]
A cikin bita na tsarin Cochrane, akwai ƙananan shaidu cewa kiyaye muhalli, da ayyukan haɓaka na iya samun wani tasiri ga lafiyar manya da lafiya. Koyaya, akwai babban matakin fa'idodi da aka fahimta bisa ga ra'ayoyin mahalarta.[5]
Bayani game da shi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Wani bangare na aiwatar da bincike na kiyayewa na tushen shaida yana buƙatar samar da bayanin martaba. Wannan yana nufin taƙaitaccen bayanin binciken guda ɗaya ko sake dubawa na tsari. Synopses suna samar da tubalan gini na taƙaitaccen lokacin da aka haɗa su a kan takamaiman jigogi.[6]
Takaitaccen Bayani
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Takaitaccen bayani ya fi girma fiye da bayanin martaba kuma yana nufin daidaitaccen bayanin sakamakon da aka samo daga karatu da yawa ko sake dubawa a kan wani batu. Ana sabunta taƙaice a kai a kai yayin da ƙarin bayani ke samuwa kuma ana samar da su ta hanyar tsari mai tsauri.[6]
Tarihi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Tsaro na tushen shaida ya samo asali ne daga maganin da ya dogara da shaida. An fara lura da kiyayewa na tushen shaida a cikin wallafe-wallafen a cikin shekara ta 2000. A cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata, an inganta hanyoyin samar da sake dubawa na tsari (misali ladabi, taswirar tsari) kuma an daidaita su. Bugu da kari, an kafa cibiyoyin sadarwa da yawa kuma an ƙaddamar da mujallu biyu. The Collaboration for Environmental Evidence yana da mujallar da ake kira Environmental Evidency wanda aka sadaukar da shi don buga sake dubawa na tsari, ka'idojin bita da taswirar tsari akan tasirin ayyukan ɗan adam da tasirin sa hannun gudanarwa.[7] A halin yanzu tana da cibiyoyin da ke Australia, Sweden, Afirka ta Kudu, Kanada, Faransa da Burtaniya. Kungiyar Tabbacin Tsaro tana da mujallar da ake kira Tabbacin Karewa wanda aka ƙaddamar a cikin 2004 don yin rikodin tasirin tsoma baki na kiyayewa. Shaidar kiyayewa wani wurin adana bayanai ne na yanar gizo wanda ke tsarawa da kuma samar da damar yin amfani da kokarin kiyayewa, shirye-shirye, da bincike kan bambancin halittu da muhalli bisa ga inganci, wallafe-wallafen da aka sake dubawa.
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ "The Basics". Conservation Evidence. Retrieved 2015-03-07.
- ↑ Sutherland, William J; Pullin, Andrew S.; Dolman, Paul M.; Knight, Teri M. (June 2004). "The need for evidence-based conservation". Trends in Ecology and Evolution. 19 (6): 305–308. doi:10.1016/j.tree.2004.03.018. PMID 16701275.
- ↑ Sutherland, William J. (July 2003). "Evidence-based Conservation". Conservation in Practice. 4 (3): 39–42. doi:10.1111/j.1526-4629.2003.tb00068.x.
- 1 2 "Guidelines for Systematic Review and Evidence Synthesis in Environmental Management, Version4.2" (PDF). Collaboration for Environmental Evidence. March 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 23, 2020. Retrieved March 1, 2015.
- ↑ Husk K, Lovell R, Cooper C, Stahl-Timmins W, Garside R (21 May 2016). "Participation in Environmental Enhancement and Conservation Activities for Health and Well-Being in Adults: A Review of Quantitative and Qualitative Evidence". Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2016 (5): CD010351. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD010351.pub2. PMC 6464867. PMID 27207731.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
- 1 2 Dicks, L. V. (2014). "Organising evidence for environmental management decisions: a '4S' hierarchy". Trends in Ecology & Evolution. 29 (11): 607–613. doi:10.1016/j.tree.2014.09.004. PMID 25280588. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "Dicks" defined multiple times with different content. - ↑ "Environmental Evidence". www.environmentalevidence.org. Retrieved 2016-10-21.
