آو

آو ىا اؤ ایته مایع ايسه کي حیات ٚ ره لازمه. مؤجۊدات اي مايع-أ وابسته ايسن کي اي مطلب اي ماده-یأ حياتي کۊنه. آو ايته معدني ترکيبه کي شفاف، بيمزه، بيبۊ ؤ تقريبا بيرنگ ايسه ؤ زيمي هيدرؤسفر ٚ أصلي پيله ماده ؤ مایعي ايسه کي همه‌ته زنده مؤجۊدان ٚ مئن دره.^[۱] آو ٚ شيميايي فرمۊل H₂O ايسه، یعني هرته آو ٚ مؤلکۊل، ايته اؤکسيژن ؤ دۊته هيدرؤژن دأره کي کؤوالانسي پىوندان ٚ أمرأ ايجايي متصل ايسد.^[۲]

سربس

↑ {Cite web|title=Water Q&A: Why is water the "universal solvent"?|url=https://www.usgs.gov/special-topic/water-science-school/science/water-qa-why-water-universal-solvent?qt-science_center_objects=0#qt-science_center_objects|access-date=2021-01-15|website=www.usgs.gov}}
↑ {Cite web|date=2020-03-18|title=10.2: Hybrid Orbitals in Water|url=https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Pacific_Union_College/Quantum_Chemistry/10%3A_Bonding_in_Polyatomic_Molecules/10.02%3A_Hybrid_Orbitals_in_Water|access-date=2021-04-11|website=Chemistry LibreTexts|language=en}}

[1] {Cite web|title=Water Q&A: Why is water the "universal solvent"?|url=https://www.usgs.gov/special-topic/water-science-school/science/water-qa-why-water-universal-solvent?qt-science_center_objects=0#qt-science_center_objects|access-date=2021-01-15|website=www.usgs.gov}}

[2] {Cite web|date=2020-03-18|title=10.2: Hybrid Orbitals in Water|url=https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Pacific_Union_College/Quantum_Chemistry/10%3A_Bonding_in_Polyatomic_Molecules/10.02%3A_Hybrid_Orbitals_in_Water|access-date=2021-04-11|website=Chemistry LibreTexts|language=en}}

[۱]

[۲]