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testa

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: Testa, testá, tèsta, tésta, and těsta
Languages (20)
English
Ambonese Malay • Catalan • Franco-Provençal • French • Galician • Italian • Latin • Latvian • Lombard • Manado Malay • Norwegian Bokmål • Occitan • Old Occitan • Portuguese • Romanian • Romansh • Sicilian • Spanish • Swedish
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English

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Etymology

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    Borrowed from Latin testa.

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    testa (plural testas or testae or testæ)

    1. (botany) A seed coat.
      The testa develops from the tissue, the integument, originally surrounding the ovule.
      • 1840, James Scott Bowerbank, A History of the Fossil Fruits and Seeds of the London Clay, page 30:
        The seeds are furnished with a reticulated testa, very much in appearance like that of the seeds of two closely-allied pericarps in the cabinet of my friend Mr. Ward, of Wellclose-square, the names of which I have been unable to obtain, but which present strong evidence of belonging to the Malvaceæ.
      • 1969, C. W. Bennett, Seed Transmission of Plant Viruses, Alison Smith, Advances in Virus Research, Volume 14, page 224,
        In tests with the Lincoln and Virginia varieties of cowpea, Crowley (1959) found that, in plants infected with bean southern mosaic virus before blossoming, the virus was present in nearly 100% of the testae and endosperms of seeds of both varieties, but could not be detected in the embryos.
      • 1977, Commonwealth Scientific, Industrial Research Organization, Australian Journal of Plant Physiology, page 354:
        Thus, two conditions must be satisfied for the testas to have this effect: contact between the testas and the radicle, and the presence of at least half of the testas.
      • 2005, D. W. Dickson, D. De Waele, Nematode Parasites of Peanut, Michel Luc, Richard A. Sikora, John Bridge, Plant Parasitic Nematodes in Subtropical and Tropical Agriculture, page 419,
        A.[Aphelenchoides] arachidis is a parasite of pods, testae, roots and hypocotyls, but not the cotyledons, embryos or other parts of the plant (Bos, 1977a; Bridge et al., 1977).
      • 2007, J. Smartt, “Evolution of American Phaseolus beans under domestication”, in Peter John Ucko, G. W. Dimbleby, editors, The Domestication and Exploitation of Plants and Animals, page 458:
        One of the most remarkable features of cultivated beans is the enormous range of testa colours and patterns which can be found.
    2. (marine biology) The external calciferous shell, or endoskeleton, of an echinoderm; the test.

    Derived terms

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    Anagrams

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    Ambonese Malay

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    Etymology

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    Unadapted borrowing from Portuguese testa, from Old Galician-Portuguese testa, from Latin testa.

    Noun

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    testa

    1. forehead

    References

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    • D. Takaria, C. Pieter (1998), Kamus Bahasa Melayu Ambon-Indonesia‎[1], Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa

    Catalan

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    Etymology 1

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    Inherited from Latin testa (“burned clay; baked earthenware”).

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    testa f (plural testes)

    1. (Empordanese) head
      Synonym: cap
    2. end (of a post, plank, barrel, etc.)
    3. (botany) testa (the outer layer of a seed coat)
    Derived terms
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    Etymology 2

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    Pronunciation

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    Adjective

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    testa

    1. feminine singular of test (“tense”)

    Etymology 3

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    Pronunciation

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    Verb

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    testa

    1. inflection of testar (“to test”):
      1. third-person singular present indicative
      2. second-person singular imperative

    Etymology 4

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    Pronunciation

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    Verb

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    testa

    1. inflection of testar (“to witness”):
      1. third-person singular present indicative
      2. second-person singular imperative

    Further reading

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    Franco-Provençal

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    Noun

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    testa (Old Beaujolais, Piemontais)

    1. alternative form of téta (“head”)

    References

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    • testa in Lo trèsor Arpitan – on arpitan.eu

    French

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    Pronunciation

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    Verb

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    testa

    1. third-person singular past historic of tester

    Anagrams

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    Galician

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    Etymology 1

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    Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese testa (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin testa (“earthen pot”).

    Pronunciation

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    • IPA(key): /ˈtɛsta/ [ˈt̪ɛs̺.t̪ɐ]
    • Rhymes: -ɛsta
    • Hyphenation: tes‧ta

    Noun

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    testa f (plural testas)

    1. forehead
      • 1390, José Luís Pensado Tomé (ed.), Os Miragres de Santiago. Versión gallega del Códice latino del siglo XII atribuido al papa Calisto I. Madrid: C.S.I.C., page 133:
        Et avia ẽno rrostro hũu palmo et meo en longo et ẽna barua hũu palmo, et ẽno nariz hũu meo palmo; et ẽna testa hũu palmo et pouquo mais
        He had a palmspan and a half in his face, and in the beard a palmspan, and half one in the nose; and in the front he had one palmspan and a little more
      • 1434, A. López Carreira (ed.), Libro de Notas de Álvaro Afonso, doc. 90:
        os quaes roçiins era huun delles ven preto con hun signal enna testa et ho outro ben çerbyño con huna mancha enna testa
        one of that horses was really dark, with a signal in his forehead, and the other was tawny with a spot in his forehead
      Synonym: fronte
    2. (figurative) the whole head of a person
      • 1697, several authors, Fiestas Minervales, Santiago: Antonio Frayz, page 34:
        Dubido do que farei / Para saír desta enfeita / Maxino roer as uñas / E bourar mui ben na testa
        I'm dubious on what to do / To exit of this preparation / I imagine gnawing my nails / And ably beating my head
      Synonyms: cabeza, cachola, croca
    3. limit of a property
      Synonyms: derrego, estremeiro, límite, lindeiro
    4. fore
      Synonym: fronte
    5. lid
      Synonym: tello
    Derived terms
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    Etymology 2

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    See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

    Pronunciation

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    • IPA(key): /ˈtesta/ [ˈt̪es̺.t̪ɐ]
    • Rhymes: -esta
    • Hyphenation: tes‧ta

    Adjective

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    testa f sg

    1. feminine singular of testo

    Etymology 3

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    Verb

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    testa

    1. inflection of testar:
      1. third-person singular present indicative
      2. second-person singular imperative

    References

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    Italian

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    Pronunciation

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    Etymology 1

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    Italian Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia it

      From Latin testa. The semantic development is earthen pot → skull → head.

      Noun

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      testa f (plural teste, diminutive testìna or testolìna or (uncommon, usually of butchered animals) testicciòla or (literary, uncommon, usually of butchered animals) testicciuòla, augmentative testóna or (with specialized meanings) testóne m, pejorative testàccia, derogatory testùccia)

      1. (anatomy) head
      2. (numismatics) obverse (of a coin)
      3. (anatomy) head (of a bone)
      4. (rail transport, singular only, uncountable) head (of a train), the first car(s)
        Antonym: coda
        La prima classe è in testa al treno ― The first class is at the head of the train
      Synonyms
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      • (part of the body): capo
      Derived terms
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      Descendants
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      • → Alemannic German: Teste
      • → Spanish: testa

      Etymology 2

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      See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

      Verb

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      testa

      1. inflection of testare:
        1. third-person singular present indicative
        2. second-person singular imperative

      References

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      1. ^ testa in Luciano Canepari, Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)

      Anagrams

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      Latin

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      Etymology

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      Unknown:

      Pronunciation

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      Noun

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      testa f (genitive testae); first declension

      1. a piece of burned clay, brick, tile
      2. (transferred sense) a piece of baked earthenware
        1. an earthen pot, pitcher, jug, urn
        2. a sherd, potsherd
        3. a piece of bone
        4. ostracon (= ὄστρακον (óstrakon))
        5. the shell of shellfish or of testaceous animals, shellfish
        6. (Late Latin) skull
          Synonyms: calva, calvāria, crānium
      3. a sort of clapping with the flat of the hands (as if with two tiles), in token of applause, invented by Nero

      Declension

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      First-declension noun.

      singular plural
      nominative testa testae
      genitive testae testārum
      dative testae testīs
      accusative testam testās
      ablative testā testīs
      vocative testa testae

      Derived terms

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      Descendants

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      References

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      1. ^ “testa”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
      2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “testa”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 617

      Further reading

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      • “testa”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
      • “testa”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
      • "testa", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
      • “testa”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
      • “testa”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
      • testa in Ramminger, Johann (16 July 2016 (last accessed)), Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎[2], pre-publication website, 2005-2016
      • “testa”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
      • Cravens, Thomas D. Cross-language evidence in etymology: The origin of 'testa' as 'head' in Romance. Neuphilologische Mitteilungen. 83: 53–60.

      Latvian

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      Noun

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      testa m

      1. genitive singular of tests

      Lombard

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      Alternative forms

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      • tèsta (Classical Milanese Orthography)

      Pronunciation

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      Noun

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      testa f

      1. head

      Manado Malay

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      Etymology

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      Unadapted borrowing from Portuguese testa, from Old Galician-Portuguese testa, from Latin testa.

      Noun

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      testa

      1. forehead

      References

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      • Balai Bahasa Provinsi Sulawesi Utara (2021), Kamus Dwibahasa Melayu Manado-Indonesia (in Indonesian), Manado: Balai Bahasa Provinsi Sulawesi Utara

      Norwegian Bokmål

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      Alternative forms

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      Verb

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      testa

      1. inflection of teste:
        1. simple past
        2. past participle

      Occitan

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      Noun

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      testa f (plural testas)

      1. alternative form of tèsta

      Old Occitan

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      Etymology

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      From Latin testa.

      Noun

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      testa f (oblique plural testas, nominative singular testa, nominative plural testas)

      1. head

      Descendants

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      Portuguese

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      BERJAYA
      testa

      Pronunciation

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      Etymology 1

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      From Old Galician-Portuguese testa, from Latin testa.

      Noun

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      testa f (plural testas)

      1. forehead (part of the face above the eyebrows and below the hairline)
      Derived terms
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      Descendants
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      Etymology 2

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        See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

        Verb

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        testa

        1. inflection of testar:
          1. third-person singular present indicative
          2. second-person singular imperative

        Further reading

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        Romanian

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        Etymology

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        Borrowed from French tester.

        Pronunciation

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        Verb

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        a testa (third-person singular present testează, past participle testat) 1st conjugation

        1. (transitive) to test; to try
          Synonym: încerca

        Conjugation

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            conjugation of testa (first conjugation, -ez- infix)
        infinitive a testa
        gerund testând
        past participle testat
        number singular plural
        person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
        indicative eu tu el/ea noi voi ei/ele
        present testez testezi testează testăm testați testează
        imperfect testam testai testa testam testați testau
        simple perfect testai testași testă testarăm testarăți testară
        pluperfect testasem testaseși testase testaserăm testaserăți testaseră
        subjunctive eu tu el/ea noi voi ei/ele
        present să testez să testezi să testeze să testăm să testați să testeze
        imperative — tu — — voi —
        affirmative testează testați
        negative nu testa nu testați

        References

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        Romansh

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        Etymology

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        From Latin testa (“pot”).

        Noun

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        testa f (plural testas)

        1. (Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) head

        Usage notes

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        In Rumantsch Grischun, the literary standard language, testa is used in the figurative sense, and chau in the anatomical sense. Usage differs somewhat, however, between dialects.

        Synonyms

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        Sicilian

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        Etymology

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        From Latin testa (“earthen pot”).

        Pronunciation

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        • IPA(key): /t̪ʲɛs(ʃ)ta/
        • Hyphenation: te‧sta

        Noun

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        testa f (plural testi)

        1. (anatomy) head
        2. intelligent person
        3. intelligence

        Spanish

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        Pronunciation

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        • IPA(key): /ˈtesta/ [ˈt̪es.t̪a]
        • Rhymes: -esta
        • Syllabification: tes‧ta

        Etymology 1

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        From Latin testa. Compare the inherited Old Spanish tiesta.

        Noun

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        testa f (plural testas)

        1. head
        2. test (shell or endoskeleton of an echinoderm or certain plankton)
        Derived terms
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        Etymology 2

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          See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

          Verb

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          testa

          1. inflection of testar:
            1. third-person singular present indicative
            2. second-person singular imperative

          Further reading

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          Swedish

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          Pronunciation

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          Verb

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          testa (present testar, preterite testade, supine testat, imperative testa)

          1. to try, to attempt; (to see if a specific action is possible; also to see if a device works properly)

          Conjugation

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          Conjugation of testa (weak)
          active passive
          infinitive testa testas
          supine testat testats
          imperative testa —
          imper. plural1 testen —
          present past present past
          indicative testar testade testas testades
          ind. plural1 testa testade testas testades
          subjunctive2 teste testade testes testades
          present participle testande
          past participle testad

          1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.

          Further reading

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          • “testa”, in Svensk ordbok [Dictionary of Swedish] (in Swedish)

          Anagrams

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          Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=testa&oldid=91535863"