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Fatherhood can help change a man's bad habits

After men become fathers for the first time, they show significant decreases in crime, tobacco and alcohol use, according to a new, 19-year study.

Physical functioning declines more rapidly among the poor, study finds

A new national study shows that wealthier Americans and those with private health insurance fare better than others on one important measure of health -- and this health gap only...

Process important to brain development studied in detail

Knowledge about the development of the nervous system is of the greatest importance for us to understand the function of the brain and brain disorders. Researchers at Uppsala University have...

Decrease in observed rate of TB at a time of economic recession

The incidence of tuberculosis (TB) in the U.S. is reported as being on the decrease, however untreated infected people act as a reservoir for disease. Any pool of the world's...

Model of enzyme's structure could spur new therapies

In many pharmaceutical company and university laboratories, scientists are looking closely at kinase complexes because the enzymes play key roles in essential cell functions. By taking unusual steps to examine...

Study identifies factors linked with better medication response for treatment of juvenile arthritis

Among patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) who initiated treatment with the drug etanercept, one-third achieved an excellent response, and this response was associated with low measures of disability at...

ICRISAT-led team cracks pigeonpea genome

Once referred to as an "orphan crop" mainly grown by poor farmers, pigeonpea is now set to join the world's league of major food crops with the completion of its...

University of Toronto engineers solve energy puzzle

University of Toronto materials science and engineering (MSE) researchers have demonstrated for the first time the key mechanism behind how energy levels align in a critical group of advanced materials....

Study identifies an expanded role for PKM2 in helping cancer cells survive

It has long been known that cancer cells use nutrients differently than normal cells. In recent years, the rapidly reemerging field of cancer metabolism has shed new light on the...

Unique bipolar compounds enhance functionality of organic electronics

Researchers often work with a narrow range of compounds when making organic electronics, such as solar panels, light emitting diodes and transistors. Professor Tim Bender and Ph.D. Candidate Graham Morse...

Polio still a threat to public health

Health professionals and researchers across the globe believe they are on the verge of eradicating polio, a devastating virus which can lead to paralysis and death. Despite successful eradication in most countries, there are still four countries where the virus...

Forest Service part of team sequencing 1,000 fungal genomes

A 79-year-old collection of fungal cultures and the U.S. Forest Service's Northern Research Stationare part of a team that will sequence 1,000 fungal genomes in the next 5 years.

An incredible shrinking material

Heat causes the atoms in ScF3 to vibrate, as captured in this snapshot from a simulation. Fluorine atoms are in green while scandium atoms are in yellow.They shrink when you heat 'em. Most materials expand when heated, but a few contract. Now engineers at the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) have figured out how one of...

HIV study identifies key cellular defence mechanism

Scientists have moved a step closer to understanding how one of our body's own proteins helps stop the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) in its tracks.

Most lupus nephritis patients with end-stage renal disease opt for hemodialysis therapy

Newly published research shows that more patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) caused by lupus nephritis choose hemodialysis as their initial kidney replacement therapy over peritoneal dialysis and preemptive kidney...

Vintage leather football helmets often as protective as modern helmets in common, game-like hits

Old-fashioned "leatherhead" football helmets from the early 1900s are often as effective as -- and sometimes better than -- modern football helmets at protecting against injuries during routine, game-like collisions,...

Scripps research team achieves critical step to opening elusive class of compounds to drug discovery

The Scripps Research laboratory of Professor Phil Baran has created the largest amount of pure taxadiene isolated or prepared to date.Taxanes are a family of compounds that includes one of the most important cancer drugs ever discovered, Taxol®, among other cancer treatments. But the difficulty producing these complex molecules in...

Stress triggers disease flares in patients with vasculitis

In patients with a devastating form of vasculitis who are in remission, stress can be associated with a greater likelihood of the disease flaring, according to a new study by...

Biodiversity can promote survival on a warming planet

Whether a plant and its pollinator survive rapid climate change can depend upon the density and distribution of other species in the community, according to a new study.Whether a species can evolve to survive climate change may depend on the biodiversity of its ecological community, according to a new mathematical model that simulates the effect of climate...

Concurrent chemo and radiation confers survival benefit in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients

The combination of chemotherapy and radiation significantly improved the 5-year overall survival of patients with stage II nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), according to a phase III study published Nov. 4 in...

Nitrogen fertilizers' impact on lawn soils

Nitrogen fertilizers from farm fields often end up in aquatic ecosystems, resulting in water quality problems, such as toxic algae and underwater 'dead zones'. There are concerns that fertilizers used...

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