Angst

angst
Emotion, psychology concept (en) da basic feeling (en)
Bayanai
Ƙaramin ɓangare na	mental state (en)
Fuskar	Ilimin halin dan Adam

Damuwa ita ce jin damuwa, tsoro, ko rashin tabbas. Damuwa ita ce daidai da Latin ɗinta, kuma kalmomin damuwa da damuwa suna da asali iri ɗaya.

Asalin Ma'anar

An gabatar da kalmar angst cikin Turanci daga kalmomin Danish, Norwegian, da Dutch angst da kalmar Jamusanci Angst An tabbatar da hakan tun ƙarni na 19 a cikin fassarar Turanci na ayyukan Søren Kierkegaard da Sigmund Freud . Ana amfani da shi a cikin Turanci don bayyana jin tsoro, damuwa, ko tashin hankali na ciki.

A wasu harsuna (tare da kalmomi daga Latin pavor don "tsoro" ko "firgici"), [1] kalmomin da aka samo sun bambanta a ma'ana; misali, kamar yadda yake a cikin anxiété na Faransa da kuma peur Kalmar angst ta wanzu a cikin Jamusanci tun ƙarni na 8, daga tushen Proto-Indo-Turai *anghu-, "hana" daga abin da fushin Tsohon Babban Jamus angust An haɓaka shi. [2] Yana da alaƙa da Latin angustia, "tsauri, matsewa" da kuma angor, "shaƙewa, toshewa"; idan aka kwatanta da tsohuwar Girkanci ἄγχω ( ánkhō ) "shaƙewa". Ya shiga Turanci a ƙarni na 19 a matsayin kalmar fasaha da ake amfani da ita a fannin ilimin tabin hankali, kodayake akwai wasu abubuwan da suka faru a baya, kamar ange .

Kasancewar wanzuwa

A cikin falsafar rayuwa, kalmar angst tana ɗauke da wata ma'ana ta musamman. An fara danganta amfani da kalmar ga masanin falsafar Denmark Søren Kierkegaard (1813 – 1855). A cikin The Concept of Damuwa (wanda aka fassara a matsayin The Concept of Tread ), Kierkegaard ya yi amfani da kalmar Angest (a cikin harshen Danish na yau da kullun, angst, ma'ana "tsoro" ko "damuwa") don bayyana yanayi mai zurfi da zurfi. Inda dabbobin da ba na ɗan adam ba ke jagorantar su ta hanyar ilhami kawai, in ji Kierkegaard, 'yan adam suna jin daɗin 'yancin zaɓi wanda muke ganin yana da ban sha'awa da ban tsoro. Ita ce damuwar fahimtar 'yanci lokacin da ake la'akari da yiwuwar rayuwar mutum da ba a fayyace ba da kuma babban nauyin da ke kan ikon zaɓi a kansu. Ra'ayin Kierkegaard na damuwa ya sake bayyana a cikin ayyukan masana falsafar wanzuwar rayuwa waɗanda suka biyo baya, kamar Friedrich Nietzsche, Jean-Paul Sartre, da Martin Heidegger, kowannensu ya haɓaka ra'ayin ta hanyoyi daban-daban. Yayin da damuwar Kierkegaard ta fi mayar da hankali kan jiye-jiye marasa tabbas game da 'yancin ɗabi'a a cikin tsarin imani na addini, masu ra'ayin wanzuwar rayuwa daga baya sun tattauna rikice-rikicen ƙa'idodin mutum, ƙa'idodin al'adu, da kuma yanke ƙauna .

Kiɗa

Damuwa ta wanzuwa ta bayyana a cikin waƙoƙin gargajiya a farkon ƙarni na ashirin, duka sakamakon ci gaban falsafa da kuma a matsayin nuni ga lokutan yaƙi. Shahararrun mawaƙa waɗanda ayyukansu galibi suna da alaƙa da ra'ayin sun haɗa da Gustav Mahler, Richard Strauss (wasan opera Elektra da Salome Claude Debussy (opera Pelléas et Mélisande, ballet Jeux ), Jean Sibelius (musamman Symphony na Huɗu ), Arnold Schoenberg ( A Survivor from Warsaw ), Alban Berg, Francis Poulenc (opera Dialogues of the Carmelites ), Dmitri Shostakovich (opera Lady Macbeth na Mtsensk, symphonies da chamber music ), Béla Bartók (opera Bluebeard's Castle ), da Krzysztof Penderecki (musamman Threnody to the Victims of Hiroshima ).

An fara tattauna damuwa dangane da waƙoƙin da aka fi sani da su a tsakiyar shekarun 1950, a tsakiyar damuwar da ake da ita game da tashin hankali na ƙasashen duniya da yaduwar makaman nukiliya . Littafin Jeff Nuttall mai suna Bomb Culture (1968) ya gano damuwa a cikin al'adun gargajiya ga Hiroshima . An bayyana tsoro a cikin ayyukan waƙoƙin gargajiya kamar su Bob Dylan 's " Masters of War " (1963) da " A Hard Rain's a-Gonna Fall ". Kalmar sau da yawa tana bayyana ne dangane da waƙoƙin punk rock, grunge, nu metal, da ayyukan emo inda maganganun baƙin ciki, rashin bege, ko nihilism suka mamaye.