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osem

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Old Slovak

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Etymology

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    Inherited from Proto-Slavic *osmь.

    Numeral

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    osem

    1. eight
      • 1473, “ŽK 1473”, in Majtán, Milan et al., editor, Historický slovník slovenského jazyka, volume 3, Bratislava: VEDA, published 1994, →ISBN, →OCLC:
        ten vtery po s. Dusse, kdyz osm dni se skona
        that Tuesday after All Souls' Day, when eight days are completed
      • 1480, “L. JÁN 1480”, in Majtán, Milan et al., editor, Historický slovník slovenského jazyka, volume 3, Bratislava: VEDA, published 1994, →ISBN, →OCLC:
        tych osem dobrich lidy magy sprawu sprawedliwost meczy nimy vczinyty
        those eight good people are to bring about a just settlement between them
      • 1543, “KREMNICA 1543 CM”, in Majtán, Milan et al., editor, Historický slovník slovenského jazyka, volume 3, Bratislava: VEDA, published 1994, →ISBN, →OCLC:
        každá šichta aby se osem hodin delala a vykonavala
        each shift is to be worked and performed for eight hours
      • 1573, “s. l. 1573”, in Majtán, Milan et al., editor, Historický slovník slovenského jazyka, volume 3, Bratislava: VEDA, published 1994, →ISBN, →OCLC:
        ya was prosym o muog lohn... kazdich osiem tyznov
        I ask you for my wage... every eight weeks
      • 1650–1660, “RAJEC 1650-60”, in Majtán, Milan et al., editor, Historický slovník slovenského jazyka, volume 3, Bratislava: VEDA, published 1994, →ISBN, →OCLC:
        czepecz geden perlowy, w kterem gest osem zlatych boglaru
        a pearl bonnet, in which there are eight golden buckles
      • 1718, “ŽILINA 1718”, in Majtán, Milan et al., editor, Historický slovník slovenského jazyka, volume 3, Bratislava: VEDA, published 1994, →ISBN, →OCLC:
        Zawodcom, kteri drewo wozili... osmom chleba den 20
        to the drivers who hauled wood... for the eight [of them], 20 denars for bread

    Further reading

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    • Majtán, Milan et al., editors (1991–2008), “osem”, in Historický slovník slovenského jazyka [Historical Dictionary of the Slovak Language] (in Slovak), volumes 1–7 (A – Ž), Bratislava: VEDA, →OCLC

    Slovak

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    Slovak numbers (edit)
    80
     ←  7 8 9  → 
        Cardinal: osem
        Ordinal: ôsmy
        Multiplier: osemkrát, osem ráz
        Adv. ord. mult. (-krát): ôsmykrát
        Adv. ord. mult. (raz): ôsmy raz
        Adjectival multiplier: osemnásobný
        Adverbial multiplier: osemnásobne
        Generic adjectival: osmoraký
        Generic adverbial: osmorako
        Collective: osmoro
        Fractional: osmina
        Noun: osmička

    Etymology

    [edit]

      Inherited from Old Slovak osem.

      Pronunciation

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      • IPA(key): /ɔsem/, [ˈɔsem]
      • Audio (Bratislava):(file)
      • Rhymes: -ɔsem
      • Hyphenation: o‧sem

      Numeral

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      osem

      1. eight
        Narodil sa ako posledný z ôsmich detí v chudobnej rodine.He was born as the last of eight children in a poor family.

      Usage notes

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      Numerals from 5 to 999,999 can either be declined or used as indeclinable words, with the exception of those ending in -jeden, -sto, or -tisíc (excluding the word tisíc itself), which are strictly indeclinable. When a numeral in this range is used in its basic lemma form in the nominative or accusative, the associated noun must be in the genitive plural (e.g., osem chlapov). If such a numeral-noun phrase serves as the subject of a sentence, the verb takes the third-person neuter singular form (e.g., osem chlapov prišlo). In grammatical cases other than the nominative and accusative, the declined forms of the numeral are more common.

      Declension

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      Declension of osem
      virilenonvirile
      nominativeôsmiosem
      genitiveôsmich
      dativeôsmim
      accusativeôsmichosem
      locativeôsmich
      instrumentalôsmimi

      Coordinate terms

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      Derived terms

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      nouns

      Further reading

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      • osem”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2026

      Slovene

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      Slovene numbers (edit)
      80
       ←  7 8 9  → 
          Cardinal: osem
          Cardinal prefix: osem-
          Ordinal: osmi
          Ordinal prefix: osmo-
          Number: osem
          Digit: osemka
          Digit place: osmica
          Adverbial: osmič
          Krat adverbial: osmikrat
          Multiplier: osmeren
          Krat multiplier: osemkrat
          Fixed multiplier: osemkraten
          Adverbial multiplier: osmerno
          Multiplier verb: poosmeriti
          Multiplier prefix: osmern-
          Krat multiplier prefix: osemkratn-
          Krat adverbial multiplier: osemkratno
          Collective: osmero
          Separable collective: osmer
          Greek or Latinate collective: oktada
          Greek collective prefix: okto-, okta-
          Latinate collective prefix: okto-
          Fractional: osmina
          Latinate fractional prefix: oktant-
          Fractional multiplier: osminski
          Elemental: osmerica
          Number of musicians: oktet

      Alternative forms

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      Etymology

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      From Proto-Slavic *osmь, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *aśtō, from Proto-Indo-European *oḱtṓw.

      Pronunciation

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      Numeral

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      ọ́səm

      1. eight

      Declension

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      First declension (hard), fixed accent, fill vowel ə
      masculine, feminine and neuter following adjectives and nouns
      nom pl ọ́səm + genitive
      plural
      masculine, feminine and neuter following adjectives and nouns
      nominative
      imenovȃlnik
      ọ́səm + genitive
      genitive
      rodȋlnik
      ósmih + genitive
      dative
      dajȃlnik
      ósmim + dative
      accusative
      tožȋlnik
      ọ́səm + genitive
      locative
      mẹ̑stnik
      ósmih + locative
      instrumental
      orọ̑dnik
      ósmimi + instrumental
      (vocative)
      (ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik)
      ọ̑səm + circumflex genitive
      • less common
      Second declension (no endings), fixed accent
      masculine, feminine and neuter following adjectives and nouns
      nom pl ọ́səm + genitive
      plural
      masculine, feminine and neuter following adjectives and nouns
      nominative
      imenovȃlnik
      ọ́səm + genitive
      genitive
      rodȋlnik
      ọ́səm + genitive
      dative
      dajȃlnik
      ọ́səm + dative
      accusative
      tožȋlnik
      ọ́səm + genitive
      locative
      mẹ̑stnik
      ọ́səm + locative
      instrumental
      orọ̑dnik
      ọ́səm + instrumental
      (vocative)
      (ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik)
      ọ̑səm + circumflex genitive

      Noun

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      ọ́səm n

      1. number eight

      Declension

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      Third neuter declension (no endings) , fixed accent (singularia tantum)
      nom. sing. ọ́səm
      gen. sing. ọ́səm
      singular
      nominative
      imenovȃlnik
      ọ́səm
      genitive
      rodȋlnik
      ọ́səm
      dative
      dajȃlnik
      ọ́səm
      accusative
      tožȋlnik
      ọ́səm
      locative
      mẹ̑stnik
      ọ́səm
      instrumental
      orọ̑dnik
      ọ́səm
      (vocative)
      (ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik)
      ọ̑səm

      To express dual and plural, the phrase število osem 'number eight' is used, e.g. dve števili osem sta napisani, or, informally, also osemka.


      Further reading

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      • osem”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
      • osem”, in Termania, Amebis
      • See also the general references