invalid

See also: invàlid

English

Etymology 1

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *né

Proto-Indo-European *n̥-

Proto-Italic *n̥-

Latin in-bor.

Middle English in-

English in-

Proto-Indo-European *h₂welh₁-

Proto-Indo-European *h₂wl̥h₁éh₁yeti

Proto-Italic *walēō

Latin valeō

Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-der.

Proto-Italic *-iðos

Latin -idus

Latin validusder.

Middle French validebor.

English valid

English invalid

From in- + valid.

Pronunciation

• enPR: ĭn-vă'lĭd, IPA^(key): /ɪnˈvæl.ɪd/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

Adjective

invalid (comparative more invalid, superlative most invalid)

1. Not valid; not true, correct, acceptable, or appropriate.

   Synonyms: disallowed, nonvalid

   Antonym: valid

   Your argument is invalid because it uses circular reasoning.

   This invalid contract cannot be legally enforced.

Derived terms

• invalidity
• invalidly
• invalidness

Translations

not valid

• Armenian: անվավեր (hy) (anvaver)
• Belarusian: нядзе́йсны (njadzjéjsny), несапра́ўдны (njesapráwdny)
• Bulgarian: невали́ден (bg) (nevalíden), недействи́телен (bg) (nedejstvítelen)
• Catalan: invàlid
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 無效 / 无效 (zh) (wúxiào)

• Czech: neplatný (cs)
• Danish: ugyldig (da)
• Dutch: ongeldig (nl)
• Faroese: ógildigur
• Finnish: epäkelpo (fi), kelvoton (fi), virheellinen (fi), pätemätön (fi)
• French: invalide (fr)
• Frisian:

  West Frisian: ûnjildich

• Galician: inválido
• German: ungültig (de)
• Greek: άκυρος (el) (ákyros)
• Hungarian: érvénytelen (hu)
• Icelandic: ógildur
• Italian: irrito (it), invalido (it)
• Japanese: 無効な (ja) (むこうな, mukō na)
• Korean: 무효하다 (muhyohada), 무효(無效) (ko) (muhyo)
• Latin: irritus
• Macedonian: неважечки (nevažečki)
• Malayalam: അസാധു (ml) (asādhu)
• Māori: manakore, koremana
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: ugyldig (no)

  Nynorsk: ugyldig

• Plautdietsch: onjeltich
• Polish: nieważny (pl), nieprawidłowy (pl), nieaktualny (pl)
• Portuguese: inválido (pt)
• Romanian: nevalid, invalid (ro)
• Russian: недействи́тельный (ru) (nedejstvítelʹnyj)
• Slovak: neplatný
• Spanish: inválido (es)
• Swedish: ogiltig (sv), ogill (sv)
• Thai: โมฆะ (moo-ká)
• Turkish: geçersiz (tr)
• Ukrainian: неді́йсний (nedíjsnyj), недійови́й (nedijovýj)
• Welsh: annilys (cy)

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

• Woiwurrung: ^{(please verify)} charen-neen-mel-bo

Etymology 2

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *né

Proto-Indo-European *n̥-

Proto-Italic *n̥-

Latin in-

Proto-Indo-European *h₂welh₁-

Proto-Indo-European *h₂wl̥h₁éh₁yeti

Proto-Italic *walēō

Latin valeō

Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-der.

Proto-Italic *-iðos

Latin -idus

Latin validus

Latin invalidusbor.

Middle French invalidebor.

English invalid

Borrowed from Middle French invalide, from Latin invalidus (“infirm, weak”), from in- (“not”) + validus (“strong”).

Pronunciation

• enPR: ĭn′və-lĭd, ĭn′və-lēd′, IPA^(key): /ˈɪn.və.lɪd/, /ˈɪn.vəˌliːd/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

Noun

invalid (plural invalids)

1. (dated, sometimes offensive) Any person with a disability or illness.
2. (dated, sometimes offensive) A person who is confined to home or bed because of illness, disability or injury; one who is too sick or weak to care for themselves.
3. (archaic) A disabled member of the armed forces; one unfit for active duty due to injury.

Usage notes

In recent decades, the use of this word to label persons with disabilities gives the impression of invalidation, hence its offensiveness.

Derived terms

• fabulous invalid
• invalid carriage
• invalid chair
• invalidhood
• invalidish
• invalidism
• invalid stout
• semi-invalid

Translations

person with a handicap or disability

• Belarusian: інвалі́д m (invalíd), інвалі́дка f (invalídka)
• Bulgarian: инвали́д (bg) m (invalíd)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 傷殘人 / 伤残人 (shāngcánrén)

• Dutch: invalide (nl) m or f, gehandicapte (nl) m or f
• Finnish: invalidi (fi), työkyvytön henkilö
• French: invalide (fr) m or f
• German: Invalide (de) m or f, Invalidin (de) f
• Greek: ανάπηρος (el) m (anápiros)
• Hungarian: rokkant (hu)
• Italian: invalido (it) m, invalida (it) f
• Japanese: 障害者 (ja) (しょうがいしゃ, shōgaisha)
• Korean: 장애인(障礙人) (ko) (jang'aein)
• Malay: please add this translation if you can
• Polish: inwalida (pl) m, inwalidka f
• Portuguese: inválido (pt) m, inválida (pt) f
• Russian: инвали́д (ru) m (invalíd), инвали́дка (ru) f (invalídka)
• Spanish: inválido (es) m, inválida (es) f
• Swahili: please add this translation if you can
• Swedish: handikappad (sv) c, invalid (sv) c
• Ukrainian: інвалі́д m (invalíd), інвалі́дка f (invalídka)

sick person

• Armenian: հաշմանդամ (hy) (hašmandam), ինվալիդ (hy) (invalid)
• Belarusian: інвалі́д m (invalíd), інвалі́дка f (invalídka)
• Bulgarian: инвали́д (bg) m (invalíd)
• Dutch: bedlegerige (nl) m or f, zieke (nl) m or f, invalide (nl) m or f
• Finnish: työkyvytön henkilö
• French: invalide (fr)
• German: Bettlägriger m, Schwerkranker (de) m
• Irish: breoiteachán m
• Japanese: 障害者 (ja) (しょうがいしゃ, shōgaisha), 廃人 (ja) (はいじん, haijin) (derogatory)
• Korean: 장애인(障礙人) (ko) (jang'aein)
• Latin: aeger (la) m
• Malay: pesakit (ms)
• Māori: tūroro, oke, hāura, maki, paioke
• Polish: inwalida (pl) m, inwalidka f
• Portuguese: inválido (pt) m
• Russian: инвали́д (ru) m (invalíd), инвали́дка (ru) f (invalídka)
• Spanish: inválido (es) m
• Swahili: please add this translation if you can
• Swedish: invalid (sv)
• Turkish: hasta (tr), yatalak (tr)
• Ukrainian: інвалі́д m (invalíd), інвалі́дка f (invalídka)

Adjective

invalid (not comparable)

2. Suffering from disability or illness.
   • 2000, Diane Price Herndl, Invalid Women: Figuring Feminine Illness in American Fiction and Culture, 1840-1940, University of North Carolina Press, →ISBN, page 1:

     Invalidism therefore referred to a lack of power as well as a tendency toward illness. It is for this reason that I choose to discuss the invalid woman rather than just the ill one.

3. Intended for use by an invalid.

Verb

invalid (third-person singular simple present invalids, present participle invaliding, simple past and past participle invalided)

1. (UK, transitive) To exempt from (often military) duty because of injury or ill health.

   He was invalided home after the car crash.

   • 1989 November 2, Richard Curtis, Ben Elton, “Goodbyeee”, in Blackadder Goes Forth:

     [Blackadder:] Right, Baldrick, this is an old trick I picked up in the Sudan. We tell HQ that I’ve gone insane, and I’ll be invalided back to Blighty before you can say "wibble" — a poor, gormless idiot.

   • 2019 September 18, Drachinifel, 26:33 from the start, in Battle of Tsushima - When the 2nd Pacific Squadron thought it couldn't get any worse...‎^[1], archived from the original on 4 December 2022:

     The Japanese armored cruiser Nisshin has been hit badly. Shells have sheared off several main guns and virtually disarmed the vessel. In the middle of all this, one Ensign Isoroku Yamamoto loses two fingers to the remains of an explosion. If he'd lost a third, he would've been invalided out of military service. Thus, by the retention of a single digit would there be rather large consequences a few decades later on down the line.

2. (transitive) To make invalid or affect with disease.

Derived terms

• invalid out

German

Alternative forms

• invalide

Pronunciation

• Audio (Germany (Berlin)):

  (file)

Adjective

invalid (strong nominative masculine singular invalider, not comparable)

1. invalid ((permanently) incapable of working, serving in the military etc. due to disability and/or illness)

   Hyponyms: arbeitsunfähig, berufsunfähig, dienstunfähig, erwerbsunfähig, verwendungsunfähig

Declension

Positive forms of invalid (uncomparable)

number & gender		singular			plural
		masculine	feminine	neuter
predicative		er ist invalid	sie ist invalid	es ist invalid	sie sind invalid
strong declension (without article)	nominative	invalider	invalide	invalides	invalide
	genitive	invaliden	invalider	invaliden	invalider
	dative	invalidem	invalider	invalidem	invaliden
	accusative	invaliden	invalide	invalides	invalide
weak declension (with definite article)	nominative	der invalide	die invalide	das invalide	die invaliden
	genitive	des invaliden	der invaliden	des invaliden	der invaliden
	dative	dem invaliden	der invaliden	dem invaliden	den invaliden
	accusative	den invaliden	die invalide	das invalide	die invaliden
mixed declension (with indefinite article)	nominative	ein invalider	eine invalide	ein invalides	(keine) invaliden
	genitive	eines invaliden	einer invaliden	eines invaliden	(keiner) invaliden
	dative	einem invaliden	einer invaliden	einem invaliden	(keinen) invaliden
	accusative	einen invaliden	eine invalide	ein invalides	(keine) invaliden

Derived terms

• Invalider m, Invalide f
• Invalidität

Further reading

• “invalid” in Duden online
• “invalide”, in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache‎^[2] (in German)

Indonesian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɪnˈvalɪt]
• Hyphenation: in‧va‧lid

Etymology 1

From Dutch invalide, from French invalide, from Latin invalidus. The sense of invalid is semantic loan from English invalid.

Adjective

invalid

1. disabled, handicapped

   Synonyms: cedera, lemah

2. invalid

   Synonyms: batal, tidak sah

Etymology 2

From Dutch in +‎ failliet (“bankrupt”).

Adjective

invalid

1. (colloquial) bankrupt

   Synonym: bangkrut

Further reading

• “invalid”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from French invalide, from Latin invalidus. Equivalent to in- +‎ valid.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /in.vaˈlid/

Adjective

invalid m or n (feminine singular invalidă, masculine plural invalizi, feminine/neuter plural invalide)

1. crippled, disabled

   Synonyms: infirm, schilod, beteag

Declension

Declension of invalid

		singular			plural
		masculine	neuter	feminine	masculine	neuter	feminine
nominative- accusative	indefinite	invalid		invalidă	invalizi	invalide
	definite	invalidul		invalida	invalizii	invalidele
genitive- dative	indefinite	invalid		invalide	invalizi	invalide
	definite	invalidului		invalidei	invalizilor	invalidelor

Noun

invalid m (plural invalizi, feminine equivalent invalidă)

1. cripple, disabled person

   Synonyms: infirm, schilod

Declension

	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative-accusative	invalid	invalidul	invalizi	invalizii
genitive-dative	invalid	invalidului	invalizi	invalizilor
vocative	invalidule		invalizilor

Serbo-Croatian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /inʋǎliːd/
• Hyphenation: in‧va‧lid

Noun

invàlīd m anim (Cyrillic spelling инва̀лӣд)

1. invalid

Declension

Declension of invalid

	singular	plural
nominative	invàlīd	invalidi
genitive	invalída	invalida
dative	invalidu	invalidima
accusative	invalida	invalide
vocative	invalide	invalidi
locative	invalidu	invalidima
instrumental	invalidom	invalidima

Swedish

Etymology

Borrowed from French invalide. First attested in 1758.

Noun

invalid c

1. (somewhat dated) a disabled person

   Synonym: funktionshindrad

   krigsinvalider ― disabled war veterans

Declension

Declension of invalid

		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	invalid	invalids
	definite	invaliden	invalidens
plural	indefinite	invalider	invaliders
	definite	invaliderna	invalidernas

Related terms

• invaliditet

See also

• ogiltig (“invalid”)

References

• “invalid”, in Svensk ordbok [Dictionary of Swedish] (in Swedish)
• “invalid”, in Svenska Akademiens ordlista [Wordlist of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish)
• “invalid”, in Svenska Akademiens ordbok [Dictionary of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish)